Variable Speed Heat Pump Load Flexibility Modeling

Variable speed heat pumps (VSHP) and cold climate air source heat pumps (ccASHP) have gained increased attention for their potential to support utility end-use load flexibility programs while maintaining customer comfort. VSHPs can be programmed to respond to grid signals, adjusting unit energy consumption by varying the compressor and fan speeds. Very limited data are available to quantify VSHP capabilities, applicability, and use for improved customer experience and end-use flexibility.  

NEEA contracted with GTI Energy to perform a technology and market assessment study and an energy modeling study of VSHPs and ccASHPs for representative home construction in three northwest climate zones. Findings include that multiple manufacturers have models that can participate in grid flexibility programs. Further, modeling results reveal that when sized correctly, these heat pumps operate very efficiently and can provide a flexible resource on peak energy days, such as very cold or very warm days.